Arrow Speed Calculator Bow Manufacturer IBO Speed move slider or enter value ft/sec Draw Weight move slider or enter value lbs Draw Length move slider or enter value inches Arrow Weight move slider or enter value grains Weight Added to String (20gr=peep only, 45gr=peep and tube) move slider or enter value After you've entered these values, the calculator will display the actual arrow speed, momentum, and kinetic energy of the arrow , What is IBO speed? If you open any online store that is selling them, you'd see that the speed of the arrows (measured in FPS or feet per second) that are launched by each listed model is their most prominent feature. This calculator is based on average efficiency gains as arrow weight is increased from 5 grains per pound (IBO). Use the Arrow Efficiency Calculator to find the optimal arrow for your bowhunting setup. The same team that conducted the above research suggested a way to calculate the effective range for each bow/crossbow model: Divide the crossbow velocity (in FPS) by 10. We operate independently and do not provide Sponsored content. . The second conclusion is that this drawback of shooting slow weapons can be remedied to a good extent by simply reducing the distance we attempt shots at. Power stroke is the length between the crossbow's string in its full-draw position and at rest point. Mike is an avid archery hunter and brings a military methodology to his hunting and life. Sight compensation of trajectory. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. A longer draw length results in a longer power stroke than a shorter draw length, allowing the bow to store more energy that then is transferred to the arrow. True Zero; True zero when sighting in a crossbow is the second point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. The calculator assumes average air density and air viscosity. 36 Yards - Maximum Point Blank Hunting Range. This is because the large draw weight imparts more energy to the arrow. Calculations are largely based on the Exterior Ballistics of Bows and Arrows paper. The only way to find the exact speed of your specific arrow is with an arrow chronograph. For every 3 grains of additional weight on the bowstring, subtract 1 fps from the IBO value. Every inch of draw length above 30 will add 10 feet per second to the IBO value. . Blazing Bolts: How Much Speed Do You Need for a Crossbow? Let us see how to use this tool: Begin by indicating the IBO rating in fps in the Bow IBO rating field. If youre planning on using 450 grain arrows, the information above suggests that your arrow will leave the crossbow at a speed of around 380 FPS (95% of 400). To calculate your arrow's kinetic energy you need to know two variables: 1) your total finished arrow weight in grains, and 2) the velocity of your arrow. You can calculate your arrow's KE and express it in foot-pounds. Draw length: A longer draw length creates a longer power stroke than a shorter draw length, allowing the bow to store more energy. Keep in mind that most IBO ratings are not real-world numbers. And this is a bigger problem than you may think at the moment. TenPoint today unveiled its new-for-2022 Nitro 505, the fastest crossbow in company history and one that sets a new industry standard with an advertised speed of 505 feet per second with 400-grain bolts. 2. In the majority of cases once a peep is added the speed will only be a few fps off but the ratings of some bows are significantly off. Crossbow Kinetic Energy 200 FPS 225 FPS 250 FPS 1/3 10 20 30 40 50 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Yards travelled by arrow Kinetic Energy ( In food - pounds) Chart by Visualizer It's also worth noting that these variables are affected not just by the arrow's speed vvv but also by its mass AAA. Some of you might be in the position of owning an older model and wondering if upgrading to a 400 FPS+ model would have a great impact on your hunting experience. While KE is an important factor in penetration, momentum is also critical because it determines the arrows ability to push through the target. And your arrow would fly over it or hit a less desirable area, like the spine of the animal. Bonus fps! *NOTE: The calculator below will provide you with an estimate based on your inputs. For your reference, an estimated peep only weight is 20 grains, and a peep + tube is 45 total grains. If you look at the above chart you will notice that from 250 F.P.S. So when you see a certain crossbow rated at 350 FPS, for example, this was most likely calculated using a 400, maybe 425 grain arrow. Whitetail deer is particularly proficient at doing that. Check out 25 similar kinematics calculators how things move , Understanding bow speed IBO specification. fps. For every 3 grains of additional weight on the bowstring, subtract 1 ft/s from the IBO value. 3. All Rights Reserved. Decide on the draw weight and the arrow weight. View Results* Dark Blue: Optimal arrow weight. Bows 5-10 years old will tend to gain efficiency faster than one that is brand new. - 400 F.P.S. As such we recommend that elk hunters stick to 300 FPS or more. Heavy arrows, coupled with the right speed for your target animal, optimized by a high FOC, can accomplish a lot more than a light, fast arrow. This average will get most bows within a few percent of real-world speeds. #3:Notall crossbows are suitable for hunting. Now we have what we need to calculate KE: Arrow speed: 240 FPS Arrow weight: 400 grain The formula for calculating Kinetic Energy is: (Arrow weight) x (Arrow speed) x (Arrow speed) / 450,240 Corrected IBO Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. A feather traveling at 20 mph might sting, or might not even be felt, depending upon how it strikes. Momentum is often considered more important for hunting because it can help the arrow maintain its penetration potential. When you properly sight-in your crossbow for hunting you want to have a flat trajectory, the flatter the better. The IBO method (detailed in the arrow speed calculator instructions above) sets up a bow and an arrow weighing 5 grains per lb. (That lowers the reticle in the scope, meaning you have to raise the crossbow back to POA) If it hits high, increase your FPS in your profile settings until the arrow drops into the slot. 44 Yards - Maximum Effective Hunting Range. Using multiple chronographs positioned at varying distances and heights, we calculated the drop in projectile speed at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 yards. Because there is a huge difference between shooting a deer with a 300 FPS crossbow and a 400 FPS (or faster) model. The table below provides us with a general idea of how much momentum is needed for different types of wild game and it also shows us the arrows penetration capability when coupled with KE. The calculator uses this data, along with AI models, to predict the performance . Crossbows / Power / Range / High Velocity. We shot 400 grain arrows from 9 different crossbows, achieving nine different initial speeds ranging from 200 to 400 FPS in 25 FPS increments. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. SHORT STROKES. But a bowling ball moving at the same speed is a whole different matter. 1. The gravitational constant (g) is the acceleration due to gravity, which is 32.174 feet per second per second at sea level. Maximum Point Blank Range; Maximum point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the height of the mid-range rise and the arrow drop beyond true zero, both are equal in measure. In the calculator below, we measure this in slugs. Knowing the rough speed at which your arrow will fly, you can now use our kinetic energy calculator to quickly figure out your arrows initial kinetic energy. The greater the draw weight, the greater the speed of the arrow shot from the bow. Arrow Speed Calculator As a general rule, with every 10 pound increase in draw weight, arrow speed rises by around 20 fps. 13.6 320. Kinetic Energy: 5.55 foot-pounds. Keep reading to learn how to use our calculator and how to optimize your arrow for your hunting needs. For every 3 grains of total arrow weight above draw weight multiplied by 5, subtract 1 fps from the IBO value. At the rated 350 fps IBO the speed should be 319 so we know that the IBO is slightly high. You can go to heavy with an arrow, but the answer is not as simple as that. 2022 Bear Alaskan Right-Handed 55-70 lb Model, Arrow Weight 423 grains (Easton Axis 5mm Arrows) , Additional Weight on Bowstring 20 grains. Then, the more draw weight you use to pull, the quicker an arrow will fly and the more kinetic energy it will have. This does not affect or reflect on our recommendations or opinions. Lets find out. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Speed Vs. Energy: Which Is More Important In Crossbows? When shooting a compound bow, all things being equal, they are: Many bowhunters dont quite understand the complexity behind bow speeds. Knowing how your arrow speed changes with the increase in arrow weight, you can now easily figure out the new kinetic energy: For instance, if you know your crossbow shoots your current 400 grain arrows with a speed of 400 FPS, our chart above tells you to expect 124.8 ft-lb of kinetic energy at 30 yards. FOC stands for Front of Center balance point. And remember, in bowhunting speed is good but it is far from everything. As the arrow moves through space, the kinetic energy drops. World's Fastest Crossbow: TenPoint Nitro 505 Power stroke is the distance, in inches, that the string accelerates an arrow down a crossbow's flight rail. For every inch you reduce, the draw length reduces around 10 fps of your bow speed. of draw weight your bow is reduced, raw arrow speed is reduced 15-20 fps. Please keep in mind that this approach will only give you close estimates, and that it becomes a less accurate the further out we go (I wouldnt suggest using it for anything beyond 70 yards, which is far beyond what youll be hunting from anyway). Mine hits dead nuts from 30 out to 135 yards. Arrow weight AAA If you guessed that the size and weight of an arrow influence its speed, you're correct. You want to know the arrow's speed when you increase both the draw length and the arrow weight. If you know your arrow's weight (in grains) and your arrow's speed (Feet Per Second), then you can use our Kinetic Energy and Momentum calculator above to find out each! The speed of your arrow will determine how flat of a trajectory your arrow has at short and long distances and how much arc is needed to travel large distances. Anderson, SC, 2023 N1 Outdoors. Once you have this figure, you can calculate the kinetic energy produced by your bow. Kinetic Energy and Momentum Calculator What allows an arrow to ethically and effectively kill wild game is a combination of kinetic energy and momentum. Moisture and rain will slow the arrow's flight. Putting it all into perspective. When you pull the trigger most of that PE is transferred to the arrow and converted to kinetic energy (KE), which propels it downrange. So the important question right now is: how much does initial arrow speed drop as its weight goes up? Draw length LLL This is the distance that the string is pulled back. Arrow Ballistics Calculator - Kinetic Energy, Drop, Momentum Arrow speed specification. Mid-Range Rise; Mid-range rise when sighting in a crossbow is the highest point in the arrows trajectory between the point blank range and the true zero point. Created by the International Bowhunter's Organization, the IBO speed is given as a speed value in feet per second (fps or ft/s), and the higher this number is, the higher the speed that could be achieved with that particular bow. For the least effort, draw your bow, aim at the top bullseye with your top pin, and check to see if from 50 yards your 50-yard pin, for example, coordinates with the bullseye covering your 50-yard group. When you input your bow and arrows information in the calculator below, you can see right away what your arrows potential is. Every inch of draw length under 30 will subtract 10 ft per second from the IBO value. The overall weight of the weapon, its balance, arrow weight, ease of cocking, and precision are also important. Most professional bows use the IBO (International Bowhunting Organization) specification. This tool should get you close to that. It will give you a rough idea of how fast an arrow travels after changing the bow from the recommended specifications. That's a tough question to answer. In arrow flight, trajectory refers to the exact arcing path the arrow travels from the crossbow to the target downrange, as soon as the arrow leaves the power of the bowstring it is subjected to atmosheric drag (slowing it down) and gravity (pulling the arrow down to earth). The chart below demonstrates the minimum, as well as recommended, kinetic energy, for hunting different-sized game. Heavy longbow arrows will move slower due to their weight. The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. With having said that lets sight these crossbows with a maximum point blank range drop of 3 inches and a mid-range rise of 3 inches. To properly calculate momentum, use the following formula: Mass (Arrow Weight in grains) x Velocity (Arrow Speed (in fps)) / 225218 The result of this formula is calculated in slugs. All Rights Reserved. Try our arrow speed calculator below! This is a good rough rule to remember in case you need to do some quick on-the-spot kinetic energy calculations in the field. Which means that if you want to be able to reliably hit live targets at 40 yards, you better have a crossbow that is able to launch arrows at 400 FPS or more. 600 grain arrows will fly at ~82.5% of initial speed. The crossbow community has been obsessed with velocity ever since the resurgence of the crossbow as a viable weapon for hunting. Corrected IBO Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with . Three main factors determine how fast a crossbow will shoot: power stroke, draw weight and arrow weight. Crossbow Kinetic Energy Chart, Calculations, Hunting Requirements, Compare expected FPS across over 120 crossbows, Arrow Ballistics Calculator Kinetic Energy, Drop, Speed, Momentum, Crossbow Arrow Drop Charted Test Results, Best Hunting Crossbow For The Money in 2020. All of these parameters are summarized in an equation that you can use to estimate the actual arrow speed: With this archery calculator, you can also find the momentum and kinetic energy of an arrow. An arrows momentum is defined by how much force is required to stop an object. The arrow speed calculator above provides a quick estimation. One thing to remember is that while kinetic energy provides the impact of your arrow on your intended target, what it doesnt necessarily provide is information on your arrows ability to penetrate and travel through your target. These are calculated as follows: Our arrow speed calculator converts the units automatically. How far can you shoot a crossbow? , which happens to be the most important factor in regard to hunting with archery equipment. Draw length: A longer draw length creates a longer power stroke than a shorter draw length, allowing the bow to store more energy. ArcheryCalc - Backcountry Bowhunting Arrow Speed Formula: You can determine the speed of the arrow along with other crucial parameters by using the following arrow speed equation: v = IBO+ (L30)10W/3 + min (0, (A5D/3) where: v = Actual Arrow speed in feet per second (ft/s) IBO = Speed of the arrow according to the IBO specifications L = Draw length measured in inches calculating loss in fps using heavier arrows than - Crossbow Nation Because most animals tend to "jump the string". To correctly calculate kinetic energy, use the following formula: 1/2 Mass (Arrow Weight in grains divided by 2) x Velocity squared (Arrow Speed x Arrow Speed (in fps from the above formula)) / 225218 The result of this formula is calculated in foot-pounds (ft-lbs). Arrow drop test results The trick is to balance speed (and range finding forgiveness) with arrow mass and penetration potential. The same team that conducted the above research suggested a way to calculate the effective range for each bow/crossbow model: Divide the crossbow velocity (in FPS) by 10. You can assume, roughly, that an arrows kinetic energy is reduced by around 3-4% for every 10 yards it travels. Point Blank Range; Point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the first point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. As the older bows were less efficient out of the box, they naturally have more room for improvement. #2: Even a 50 FPS speed difference alters kinetic energy significantly. Now check the distance and estimate the speed below: If you are using a recurve bow, arrows can travel at up to 225 feet per second (fps) or 150mph, while arrows from a compound bow travel at up to 300 fps (200mph). This equation assumes that your bow puts the same amount of energy into each arrow. We strongly advise that you stick with the recommended values to maintain lots of room for error, particularly if youre new to hunting. Spine is measured by the number of inches a shaft deflects (bends) X 1000. Do you really need a multi range sight for trajectory compensation. Which results in easier aiming and thus, in improved precision. Even at 275 FPS you only get close to it at 10 yards out. Notice that our recommendation for elk hunting is 65 ft-lbs of kinetic energy (this is a conservative value, you can get away with less).
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