Second, NHTSA's 2015 Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System studied the effectiveness and acceptability of rear seat belt warnings based on a consumer telephone survey of the drivers of vehicles with and without rear seat belt warning systems. Indicate which specific rule(s) led to your conclusion. Foldable or stowable seats in the second row are not as prominent in minivans. European New Car Assessment Programme Assessment ProtocolSafety Assist, 3.3.2. to the courts under 44 U.S.C. Advance notice of proposed rulemaking (ANPRM). In particular, continuous buzzers and ignition interlocks annoyed many consumers to the point of their disabling or circumventing the systems. Research by NHTSA and others suggests that audible warnings in conjunction with visible warnings are potentially more effective than visible warnings alone. Unbelted occupants are overrepresented in fatal crashes. 0000063657 00000 n NHTSA requests any data or studies concerning the effectiveness of rear seat belt warnings. documents in the last year, 931 208 to require a seat belt warning system for rear seats on passenger cars and multipurpose passenger vehicles (MPVs) with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less. First, what type of occupants should the criteria be based on; e.g., should they be based on a mid-size male, small-size female, or a child? VEHICLE Unbelted rear seat passengers pose a serious threat to the driver and other vehicle occupants, as well as themselves. The Public Inspection page Rear seats are used in ways that complicate occupant detection. For a _____ conviction of a DUI you could pay a fine of not less than $500 or more than $2,000. [83] WebMotor vehicle collision (MVC) is one of the most common causes of thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) injury. The survey observes seat belt use as it actually occurs at randomly-selected roadway sites, and involves a large number of occupants (almost 64,000 in 2015). See Donna Glassbrenner. 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Vehicle Model Year Fatalities/MRVY 1. Accordingly, we recommend that you periodically check the Docket for new material. Research has found that seat belts greatly reduce the risk of fatal and non-fatal injuries, compared to the risk faced by unrestrained occupants. Should NHTSA propose one or more of these systems as requirements or compliance options? Mazda MY 2019 CX-9, CX-5, 3, and 6 vehicles are equipped with rear seat belt reminder systems (SBRS), and Ford offers such systems on the Ranger. Transportation Research Board Study, p. 9. 6. In 1972, NHTSA adopted occupant protection options for passenger cars that included (for cars that did not provide automatic protection) an interlock system that would prevent the engine from starting if any of the front seat belts were not fastened. If you wish to submit any information under a claim of confidentiality, you should submit three copies of your complete submission, including the information you claim to be confidential business information, to the Chief Counsel, NHTSA, at the address given above under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. Under the Florida Statutes, a point system was established to keep track of inappropriate driving behavior and set cumulative point totals that will result in a licensing action. 0000043815 00000 n You may also see the comments on the internet. Would delaying the warning until the vehicle is placed in gear make it more likely that the occupants fasten their belts before the vehicle is in motion? For systems with occupant detection on all rear seating positions, the visual signal does not need to indicate the number of seat belts in use or not in use, but the signal must remain active if a seat belt remains unfastened on any of the occupied seats in the rear. WebThe following vehicles can use the Express Lanes. This requires, among other things, that a federal motor vehicle safety standard be practicable, meet the need for motor vehicle safety, and be stated in objective terms. Euro NCAP uses a five-star safety rating system to help consumers, their families and businesses compare vehicles more easily and to help them identify the safest choice for their needs. publication in the future. Bedard, Guyatt, Stones, and Hirdes [ 5] reported that the risk of death in traffic accident is conditioned on drivers characteristics and vehicle model. Used Car Warranty Utah | Used Car Warranty - Salt Lake City, 40. Drivers do not need to be aware of road hazards and road conditions that may affect their vehicle. Occupant detection technology. Using a seat belt is one of the most effective actions a motor vehicle occupant can take to prevent death and injury in a crash. As part of the research for the report, NHTSA conducted a limited number of focus group interviews with part-time and hard-core non-users. In the U.S., occupant detection is widely used in existing vehicles in the front outboard designated seating positions, either as part of an advanced air bag system, or as part of a voluntary seat belt warning system. You may contact Ms. Carla Rush, Office of Crashworthiness Standards, Telephone: 202-366-4583, Facsimile: 202-493-2739 or Mr. John Piazza, Office of Chief Counsel, Telephone: 202-366-2992, Facsimile: 202-366-3820. 3. Many in the child passenger safety community refer to the child restraint anchorage system as the LATCH system, an abbreviation of the phrase Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children. The term was developed by a group of manufacturers and retailers for use in educating consumers on the availability and use of the anchorage system and for marketing purposes. The initial audible signal must not exceed 30 seconds and the final audible signal must be at least 90 seconds. (B) that has soil with poor drainage. The front occupant visual signal must remain active until the seat belt is fastened. You may read the comments received by the docket at the address given above under ADDRESSES. Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of profanity or personal threats. 04/28/2023, 153 The study found that overall, drivers of vehicles with a rear seat belt warning system were satisfied with the system and noticed an increase in rear seat belt use. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [hereinafter DOT 2007 Acceptability Study]. Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System. Authority has been delegated to NHTSA. As discussed above, Congress enacted this restriction in 1974. 75. [39] by the Education Department This document also provides relevant background information, such as up-to-date information on rear seat belt warning systems that are currently available on some new motor vehicles. 12. 208 is this statutory limitation. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, supra, p. 1. As it continues with this proceeding, NHTSA is seeking comment on a variety of issues related to a potential requirement for a rear seat belt warning system. NHTSA has implemented a variety of non-regulatory approaches to increase seat belt use, such as the annual Click It or Ticket mobilization, which includes a national advertising campaign backed up by high-visibility local enforcement of state seat belt laws. We seek comment on what vehicle types should be included and excluded, including the costs and benefits of inclusion. The seat belt and/or occupant detection sensors utilized by the rear warning system in vehicles with removable rear seats are intentionally disconnected. h[hkg6MMGp7w)**981&Ym55[]DEDD 30111. NHTSA could potentially establish criteria in NCAP for rear seat belt warning systems as it does for other vehicle safety features. 0000045887 00000 n You may review DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000, (Volume 65, Number 70; Pages 19477-78) or you may visit http://www.dot.gov/privacy.html. All of these manufacturers' rear seat belt warning systems use a display that is visible to the driver and indicates which rear seat belts are in use, as well as employing a change-of-status reminder that has visual and audible components. 208 specifies multiple performance tests using 1-, 3-, and 6-year-old Anthropomorphic Test Devices (test dummies) both in and out of a Child Restraint System (CRS). For rear seat occupants, seat belts reduce the risk of fatality by 55 percent (for passenger cars) and 74 percent (for light trucks and vans).[1]. Developing appropriate attitudes depends on recognizing that attitudes are: Approximately 100,000 police-reported crashes annually involve drowsiness and fatigue as a principal casual factor. For example, NHTSA might provide recognition through NCAP for vehicles equipped with a rear seat belt warning system. See infra, Part V. 46. NHTSA also seeks comment on the technological and economic feasibility of alternative rear seat belt warning systems. A Proposed Rule by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration on 09/27/2019. Who should the signal warnthe driver, the rear passenger(s), or both? This could be addressed by requiring a sequential logic system. [53] Some of these strategies are non-regulatory; some are regulatory. Some research may suggest that having the warning visible to the unbelted occupant may increase effectiveness. approaching or upon the crest of a grade Li, R., Pickrell, T.M. the current document as it appeared on Public Inspection on Overall, of those who reported experiencing a change of seat belt status alert (49%), over three-quarters of these drivers (77%) said that the unbuckled passenger eventually did refasten her seat belt, either on her own or at the driver's request. documents in the last year, 887 Also, the first level warning for rear seats can be dismissed by the driver. Transportation Research Board Study, supra, pp. documents in the last year, by the Food Safety and Inspection Service An optimized warning system balances effectiveness and annoyance, so that the warning is noticeable enough that the occupants will be motivated to fasten their belts, but not so intrusive that an occupant will circumvent or disable it or the public will not accept it. However, occupant detection for the rear seats may present both technical and cost challenges. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Department of Transportation (DOT). To the extent possible, we will also consider comments that the docket receives after that date. Explain why you agree or disagree, suggest alternatives, and substitute language for your requested changes. 37. This action has been determined to be significant under Executive Order 12866, as amended by Executive Order 13563, and the Department of Transportation (DOT) Order 2100.6, Policies and Procedures for Rulemakings. It has been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866. Under the second option, when the key is turned to the on or start position, the vehicle must provide a visual warning for 4 to 8 seconds (regardless of whether the driver seat belt is fastened) and an audible warning lasting 4 to 8 seconds, if the driver seat belt is not in use. When the ignition or master control switch is deactivated for more than 30 minutes and activated again, a short-term deactivated safety-belt reminder must reactivate. [91] Some states with mandatory rear seat belt laws include rear-seat specific messaging in their media campaigns. The ECE regulations do not require occupant detection. The system could also provide a warning signal to inform the driver if a proper electrical connection has not been made with respect to an easily removable seat. Minimum duration. 208, Occupant crash protection (49 CFR 571.208) to require a seat belt use warning system for rear seats. If NHTSA were to propose system requirements for occupant detection (either mandatory or as a compliance option), seat occupancy criteria might be necessary to objectively specify when a seat is occupied for the purposes of NHTSA's compliance testing. 16. NHTSA also seeks comment on removing the driver's seat belt warning audible signal duration upper limit. If so, what should the criteria be? What would be the increased cost associated with such a system (on a per seat and per vehicle basis), and how would it compare to the increased benefits (if any)? DOT HS 812 069. so we also seek comment on whether we should require that this information be displayed in the vehicle instead of (or in addition to) the owner's manual. To ensure that your comments are considered by the agency, make sure to submit them by the comment period deadline identified in the. The second level warning is triggered by threshold criteria based on distance traveled, speed, or duration of travel, which are determined by the manufacturer. This might be addressed by programming the system to require input from door or occupant sensors to verify that the driver is in the vehicle. (C ) that has hot summers and cold winters. [51] Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. In 2010, the agency published a Request for Comments (RFC) on the petition. 208 does not require this. 0000031853 00000 n 208 to require a seat belt warning system for rear seats on passenger cars and MPVs with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) or less. Webpassenger using both unbelted 5th percentile female and unbelted 50th percentile male dummies in the rigid barrier crash tests at 30-mph. DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, supra, p. 8; Schroeder & Wilbur, supra, p. 33. Child Passenger Safety: Get the Facts | Transportation Safety | CDC 6). For any alternative warning systems/signals that are identified, NHTSA seeks information on the issues we identify below. The warning must be noticeable enough to prompt occupants to buckle their seat belts, but not so intrusive that the public does not accept the warning system, that an occupant will circumvent or disable it, or that the warning system could lead to driver distraction that could increase the risk of a crash.[98]. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Fifteen-passenger vans are classified as buses because they are designed for carrying more than ten persons. The responsibility for promulgation of Federal motor vehicle safety standards is delegated to NHTSA.[56]. UPDATED REVIEW OF POTENTIAL TEST P FMVSS NO 208 [60] NHTSA B.) If the change of status occurs below 25 km/h and no doors are opened, the signal may be delayed until the vehicle has been in motion for 500 meters. The new ECE regulation also specifies that a change-of-status audible warning component be 30 seconds long.[85]. However, might it be preferable to delay the warning to a time when the warning could be given greater attention and, perhaps, the driver (or other occupant) is less distracted? Unrestrained passenger vehicle occupant fatalities up 14% Motorcyclist fatalities up 11% (highest number since first data collection in 1975) Bicyclist fatalities up 9.2% (highest number since 1987) Passenger car occupant fatalities up 9% Fatalities in urban areas up 8.5% Pedestrian fatalities up 3.9% (highest number since 1989) We will consider all comments received before the close of business on the comment closing date indicated above. provide legal notice to the public or judicial notice to the courts. 0 ms: the first impact During crash tests, the time is measured from the initial impact. DOT HS 810 848. MVOSS does, however, provide demographic detail that cannot be observed and insight into the reasons people do and do not use seat belts. DOT's guidelines may be accessed at. Does unbelted safety requirement affect protection for belted As it continues with this proceeding, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) seeks comment on a variety of issues related to a requirement for a rear seat belt warning system, including potential requirements for such systems, the vehicles to which they should apply, their effectiveness, the likely consumer acceptance, and the associated costs and benefits. NHTSA has granted the petition. 16. NHTSA also seeks comment on whether there would be any other non-regulatory approaches that would be appropriate. For example, should NTHSA propose requirements for the color of the telltale, required text, pictorial vs. alphanumeric, or whether it flashes? 59. 99. Donna Glassbrenner & Marc Starnes. Attitudes which are predisposing you to risk are for, Both The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act of 2012 directs NHTSA to initiate a rulemaking proceeding to amend Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. [14] documents in the last year, 1008 ECE Regulation No. We also seek comment on whether any vehicles within the broad applicability criteria should be exempt. You should _______ your following distance as your visibility decreases as the weather gets worse. 208 requirements for the driver's seat warning. 39-40, 61; Boyle & Lampkin, supra, pp. [19], The standard currently requires a seat belt warning for the driver's seat belt on passenger cars;[20] Unbelted occupants are overrepresented in fatal crashes. For rear seat occupants, seat belts reduce the risk of fatality by 55 percent (for passenger cars) and 74 percent (for light trucks and vans). [ 1] 38. In addition, because of respondent bias, the large number of part time users, and the tendency for survey respondents to over-report belt use, MVOSS use rates have typically been about 10 percentage points higher than those from NOPUS. U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. A seat belt warning system utilizing occupant detection technology could provide false reminders if the occupant detection were inaccurate. alcohol affects the reaction time of drivers by slowing the reaction time down. 0000184582 00000 n 6. For example, it may be technically challenging for an occupant detection system to recognize a large occupant spanning multiple seating positions as a single occupant rather than two occupants. This is a national telephone survey periodically conducted by NHTSA. If commenters believe that a proposed seat belt warning system would not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. NHTSA-2010-0061). How can I be sure that my comments were received? 18. DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, supra. We also seek comment on balancing effectiveness with costs, technological feasibility, and acceptability. [29] How would increasing seat belt use affect the number of killed or How many moles of magnesium were used in this reaction? Your comments must not be more than 15 pages long. WebUnbelted vehicle occupants reach 0 mph by striking the windshield, steering column and dashboard. PCMAG, 20 Nov. 2022 Across the state in 2021 the seat belt compliance rate was 93.5% but unbelted occupants still accounted for over half of those killed in traffic crashes, the release said. WebGeneral EV Charging Information. Volvo started offering rear seat belt warnings in its vehicles in 2009 and currently all its vehicle models are equipped with rear seat belt warnings. To prevent unnecessary signals, the system must also be capable of detecting whether the front passenger seat is occupied. 0000019139 00000 n In 2007, Public Citizen and Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety petitioned NHTSA to amend FMVSS No. About the Federal Register How much more complex or expensive would they be? See Figure 1. Frontal air bags have been standard equipment in all passenger cars since model year 1998 and in all SUVs, pickups and vans since model year 1999. With a positive-only system, the driver would need to determine how many rear seat occupants there are and then determine if that number equals the number of seat belts that are reported by the warning system as buckled. A.) NHTSA's research suggests that at least some unbelted rear seat occupants might be amenable to wearing a seat belt. What duration would appropriately balance effectiveness and annoyance? 32. You should submit your comments early enough to be received not later than November 26, 2019. Among those that supported requiring rear seat belt warnings were IEE S.A., Consumers Union, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the Automotive Occupant Restraint Council (now known as the Automotive Safety Council), and the American Academy of Pediatrics. documents in the last year, 83 More information and documentation can be found in our [18] they also present potential consumer acceptance challenges for the same reasons. It directs the Secretary to either issue a final rule, or, if the Secretary determines that such an amendment does not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. WebThe National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates that car seats reduce the risk of fatal injury by 71% for infants (younger than 1 year old) and by 54% for toddlers (1 to 4 years old) in passenger cars. Issued in Washington, DC, under authority delegated in 49 CFR 1.95 and 501.5. This action is not subject to the requirements of E.O. 8. Furthermore, when any seat belt experiences a change of status at vehicle speeds above 25 km/h, an audiovisual signal is required; the requirements for this warning are the same as for the seat belt reminder. As the vehicle continues to deform at the beginning, the passengers are still traveling forward at the speed of the vehicle. when you grip the steering wheel you should place your hands on the steering wheel at the 3 and 9 or 4 and 8 o'clock positions to allow room for air bags to deploy. Most currently-produced vehicles also have a seat belt warning for the front outboard passenger seat, although FMVSS No. The number of non-drivers surveyed was relatively small. 13. Neither Euro NCAP or the ECE regulation require an audible warning for rear seats. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [hereinafter DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study], p. 1. The system can determine whether any seats are occupied by an unbelted occupant, as opposed to simply notifying the driver which or how many belts, if any, are fastened. You can arrange with the docket to be notified when others file comments in the docket. [48] NHTSA also seeks comment on whether an audible warning alone, without a visual warning, would be an effective way to alert the driver to the status of the rear seat belts and increase rear seat belt use. The second study used an experimental or focus-group-based approach to study consumer acceptance as well as effectiveness. documents in the last year. Telltale Characteristics. The vehicles in the study sample had a wide variety of seat belt warning systems. Your child should sit in a rear-facing car seat for as long as possible. Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. However, many of the technologies discussed in this ANPRM are currently in use, either for front seat passengers or, in more limited models, rear seat passengers. By definition, a motor vehicle crash must involve at least one motor vehicle in transport. 32 FR 2408, 2415 (Feb. 3, 1967) (initial Federal motor vehicle safety standards). The warnings provided by seat belt warning systems typically consist of visual and/or audible signals. 208 to provide a safety belt use warning system for designated seating positions in the rear seat. 0000003404 00000 n The agency has presented a wide variety of different potential alert systems, all with different cost and effectiveness profiles, and is not at this time conducting a cost-benefit analysis on any particular approach. [Found in the docket for this ANPRM.]. Speeding was a contributing factor in 27% of all fatal crashes in 2016, and 10,111 lives were lost in speeding-related crashes. Rear seats may frequently be used to transport cargo such as groceries, pets, and other heavy objects, which could be mistaken for an occupant. 3. 68 FR 46262 (Aug. 5, 2003). Drivers should not be influenced by friends or peer groups when driving and should make their own decisions in regard to driving habits. c. PbSO4\mathrm{PbSO}_4PbSO4 2009. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, pp. In 2012, Congress passed MAP-21. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The analysis demonstrated that the presence of an enhanced front seat belt reminder system increased front outboard passenger seat belt use by about 3 to 4 percentage points more than in vehicles with only a driver seat belt warning system meeting the minimum requirements in S7.3.[96]. Unattended vehicles shall be parked with the drivers side facing the aircraft and so it will not interfere with aircraft being towed or taxied. Repeated violations are cause for disciplinary action, which may include suspension and/or dismissal.5. Seat belts will be worn by all occupants, at all times.6. insomnia. 0000108954 00000 n NHTSA seeks comment on whether the warning should be visible to the driver, the rear passenger(s), or both. documents in the last year, 494 [25] Potential Specifications for a Required Rear Belt Warning System, E. Technological and Economic Feasibility, I.
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